| 
                      Q.1) What are the causes of Iron Deficiency Anemia? | 
                  
                  
                    
                    Ans: The causes are
                    
                      - Dietary iron deficiency 
 
                      - Blood losses such as
- 
       peptic ulcer disease.
 - 
      malignancy.
 - 
      menstrual bleeding
 - 
 chronic
     hemoptysis
 - 
          parasitism by hookworms
 
  
                           - Other causes include 
- 
     Previous gastric or small bowel surgery without         
     adequate iron supplementation.  
 - 
      pregnancy
 - 
     lactation 
 - 
     malabsorption syndrome such as celiac disease    
  
                       
                     
                     | 
                  
                  
                    | 
                      
                     | 
                  
                  
                    | 
                      Q.2)What are the symptoms of Iron Deficiency Anemia? | 
                  
                  
                    
                    Ans: The symptoms are
                    
                      - Fatigue
 
                      - Dizziness
 
                      - Breathlessness due to exertion
 
                      - Exercise intolerance
 
                     
                     | 
                  
                  
                    | 
                      
                     | 
                  
                  
                    | 
                      Q.3) What are the related signs? | 
                  
                  
                    
                    Ans:  .The related signs are
                    
                      - Skin or conjunctival pallor, 
 
                      - cheilosis, 
 
                      - glossitis; 
 
                      - brittle, ridged, or spoon nails, 
 
                      - tachycardia, 
 
                      - esophageal web (Plummer-Vinson syndrome) on upper GI endoscopy and
 
                      - splenomegaly.
 
                     
                     | 
                  
                  
                    | 
                      
                     | 
                  
                  
                    | 
                      Q.4)What investigations are done? | 
                  
                  
                    
                    Ans: The tests conducted are
                    
                      - Peripheral smear
 
                      - Serum iron.
 
                      - Ferritin 
 
                      - TIBC
 
                     
                    
                     | 
                  
                  
                    | 
                      
                     | 
                  
                  
                    | 
                      Q.5) What are the treatment measures? | 
                  
                  
                    
                    Ans: The drugs used are 
                    
                      - Iron supplementation - oral or parenteral
 
                      - Multivitamins.
 
                     
                     | 
                  
                  
                    | 
                     
                     | 
                  
                  
                    | 
                      Q.6) What is the prognosis? | 
                  
                  
                    | 
                    Ans : Prognosis is
                     usually
                     good after regular follow-up of medication
                     | 
                  
                  
                    | 
                     
                     | 
                  
                  
                    | 
                      Q.7) How can Iron Deficiency Anemia be prevented? | 
                  
                  
                    | 
                    Ans :  Regular intake of iron-rich foods e.g.
                    apples and consumption of a balanced diet will prove
                    beneficial in preventing anemia.
                     | 
                  
                  
                    | 
                     |