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Q.1) What does Alzheimer's disease mean?

Ans: It is a progressive deterioration in mental ability due to degeneration of brain tissues.
 

Q.2) Whom does it affect the most?

Ans: It affects the most, people above the age of 65 years.

 

Q.3) How does Alzheimer's disease progress?
Ans: In this disease:
  • Brain cells gradually degenerate
  • Deposits of an abnormal protein builds up in the brain.
  • The brain tissue shrinks
  • There is a progressive loss of mental abilities, known as dementia.
   
Q.4)What are the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease?
Ans: Symptoms are
  • Progressive memory loss (long and short term).
  • Poor concentration.
  • Difficulty in understanding both written and spoken language.
  • Wandering and getting lost, even in familiar surroundings.
  • Impaired social functioning
  • Impairment in one or other areas of cognitive functioning
    • Abstract thinking
    • Judgement
    • Visuo-spatial function
    • Language
    • Agnosia (loss of comprehension of sensations)
    • Personality change

 

Q.5) What are the related signs?
Ans: The related signs are abnormal mental status.
 
Q.6)What investigations are done?
Ans: The tests conducted are
  • Complete Blood Count
  • Urine-analysis
  • Bio-chemical profile
  • TSH levels
  • Folate and Vit.B12 levels
  • FTA-ABS
  • Lumbar Puncture
  • EEG
  • CT scan of brain
  • MRI
 
Q.7) What are the treatment measures?
Ans: The Treatment measure followed are:-

          Drugs generally used are
  • Cholinesterase inhibitors 
  • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI's) 
  • Tricylic antidepressants 
  •  Anxiolytics (short-acting) 
  • Benzodiazepines (short-acting)

    Non-medicinal help is in the form of 
  • Memory-aids such as notebooks and posted daily reminders  
  • Pleasant family atmosphere and emotional support. 
  • Safe atmosphere in the house. 
  • Driving must be prohibited. 
  • Constant communication and repeated reassurance is necessary. 
  • Hospital admission may be necessary, in some cases.
 
Q.8) What are the associated factors/risk factors?
Ans: Major Risk Factors are
  • Advanced age. 
  • Positive family history of : 
    Alzheimer's Disease,
    Other types of Dementia,
    Down's syndrome.
 

 

 

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