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Ans : It is usually found in people over the age of
40, especially among females. |
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Q.3) What are the causes of non-insulin
dependent DM? |
Ans : The causes are
- A degree of insulin resistance in peripheral tissues
- Abnormality in insulin secretion.
- Heredity is a risk factor .
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Q.4) What are the symptoms of non-insulin
dependent DM? |
Ans: The symptoms are
- Polyuria (frequent urination)
- Polydipsia (frequent thirst)
- Fatigue
- Chronic skin infections
- Blurred vision
- Paresthesias (pins and needles sensation)
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Q.5) What are the signs of non-insulin
dependent DM?
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Ans: The signs are
- Obesity
- Family history of adult-onset diabetes mellitus.
- Proteinuria,
- Retinopathy,
- Vitreous hemorrhage
- Glaucoma,
- Neuropathic lower extremity lesions,
- Coronary artery disease
- Peripheral vascular disease
- Delivery of large infants
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Q.6) What are the treatment methods?
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Ans: Treatment methods are Laboratory Tests
- Urine for
- Glucose
- Ketones
- Proteins
- Creatinine Clearance
- Oral glucose tolerance test
- Glycosylated haemoglobin
- Glycosylated serum proteins
- Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level on two separate
occasions.
Diet
- Caloric restriction
- Limit refined sugars, alcohol, and saturated fats.
- High fibre diet.
Medication:Generally used drugs are
- Sulfonylureas
- Insulin
- Acarbose
- Biguanides
- insulin sensiters like pioglitazone,rosiglitazone
Exercise: Moderate exercise.
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Q.7) Important things one should know about NIDDM?
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Ans: The important things are
- Self-monitoring of glucose: patients must be instructed
on the use of a glucometer
- Foot and skin care
- Infections and sick days:
- Insulin requirements may increase
- Adequate fluid intake
- Frequent blood sugar monitoring.
- Diet and exercise:
- The benefits of dietary compliance, exercise, and weight loss must be explained.
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Q.8) What is the follow-up of NIDDM?
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Ans: Patients should seek a follow-up at least every 6 months.
- Annually, a complete physical examination is recommended
- Regular laboratory testing of:
- Glycosylated hemoglobin
- Urine protein excretion
- Fasting lipoid levels
- Assessment of blood pressure
- Retinal examination by an eye-specialist at least every year.
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Q.9) What is the prognosis?
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Ans: Diabetics with blood glucose maintained at or near normal levels have a good prognosis.
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Q.10) How can the disease be prevented?
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Ans: Diabetes can be prevented through
- Regular exercise.
- Healthy diet to maintain ideal weight
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