Your Journey

  
   Related Topics

AIDS
Alzheimer's
Anorexia
Anemia
Breast Cancer
Diabetes
Epilepsy
Fibroids
Hypertension
Menopausal 
    Syndrome

Myocardial 
    Infarction

Osteoporosis
Rheumatoid 
    Arthritis

 
Alternative Therapies

  

Highlighters

M.Tuberculosis
NIDDM
Megaloblastic 
   Anemia
Status Epileptics

   

Personal Tools

   Maternal Column
  •  
Women Power
    Sex Savvy
  

Related Sites

Gain information thought other sites...
 

 

Q.1) Whom does IDDM affect the most?

Ans : It usually develops suddenly during childhood or adolescence in both sexes.
 
Q.2) What are the causes of IDDM?
Ans : The causes are
  • An abnormal immunologically mediated bodily reaction, against the insulin-secreting cells in the pancreas. 
  • Trigger Factors may be:
    • a viral infection. 
    • inflammation of the pancreas 
  • Genetics.
Q.3) What are the symptoms of IDDM?
Ans: The symptoms are
  • Polyuria (frequent urination)
  • Polydipsia (frequent thirst)
  • Polyphagia (frequent hunger)
  • Weight loss
  • Blurred vision
  • Foot paresthesias ( tingling numbness)
  • Pruritus (itching)
  • Abdominal pain
Q.4) What investigations are done?
Ans: The tests conducted are
  • Physical examination may be entirely normal.
  • Orthostatic hypotension and / or tachycardia, 
  • Decreased skin turgor, and flat neck veins (in supine position) reflect dehydration.
  • Loose skin folds and poorly fitting clothing may suggest recent weight loss.
  • Decreased visual acuity, 
  • Decreased peripheral nerve vibratory / position threshold,
  • Eruptive xanthomas 
Q.5) What are the treatment methods?
Ans: The Key Tests are
  • Plasma glucose :
    • Fasting
    • Random
    • Post-lunch.
  • Urinalysis for Glucose, ketones, Proteins.
  • Serum islet cell antibodies (ICAs). 
  • Serum C-peptide.
Treatment         
  • Insulin is used
  • Diet:
    • Total fat less than 30 percent and saturated fat less than 10 per cent of total calories.
    • Cholesterol less than 300 mg/day.
    • Distribution of calories: 
    • 20 percent breakfast, 
    • 20 per cent lunch, 
    • 30 per cent supper, 
    • 10 per cent midmorning snack,
    • 10 per cent mid-afternoon snack, 
    • 10 per cent bedtime snack.
    • slowly absorbed carbohydrates such as pasta, lentils, and beans can be consumed.
  • Activity:
    • Regular moderate exercise 
    • Avoid exercising within 4 hours after administration of regular insulin.
    • Avoid exercise if FPG is very high/low.
Q.6) Important things one should know about IDDM?
Ans: The important things are
  • Basic skills and knowledge:
    • Insulin injection technique
    • Fingerstick capillary glucose testing technique
    • Factors that raise and lower glucose.
  • Hypoglycemia:
    • Warning symptoms, such as sweating, apprehension, tremulousness, hunger, and confusion.
  • "Sick day" management:
    • Insulin requirement increases 
    • Consult physician if nausea/vomiting prevent oral food intake.
  • Foot care:
    • Inspect feet daily
    • Use moisturizer cream daily after bath, if skin dry.
    • Avoid going barefoot.
    • Wear professionally fitted shoes.
    • Do not smoke.
Q.7)What is the follow-up of IDDM?
Ans: Regular follow-up is essential for
  • Assessment of control of blood glucose levels.
  • Assessment of compliance
  • Assessment of / screening for complications
    • Retinopathy: Performance of regular fundoscopic examination 
    • Peripheral neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease.
    • Nephropathy
    • Measurement of blood pressure regularly
    • Measurement of triglycerides, HDL, and LDL cholesterol regularly.
       

 

 

Disease | Explore your body | Medication | Ayurveda | Herb | SMAPS | Doctor's Corner | Online Course
Doctor's Online | Maternal Column | Women power | Sex Savvy | Debit Point | E-mail Us | About Us | Health Guide 
 
Faqs | News | Articles | Search | Site Map

Copyright © HealthepicTM (India) Pvt. Ltd.

© 2001 HealthepicTM (India) Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved. All information is intended for your information only and is not a substitute for medical advice or treatment for specific medical conditions. Please seek prompt medical care from your physician on any health issues. Please read our user terms & conditions / disclaimer / privacy policy before you proceed. 

The Portal has best vision in IE-5 and Netscape- 4.6. Best Resolution viewed on 800*600