The entire course of surgical treatment is divided into three stages:

• Purva Karma (Pre-Operative measures), 

• Pradhana-Karma (Operative procedures), and 

• Pascat-Karma (Post-operative care). 
   

• Blunt and sharp instruments,
• Caustics, 
• Fire cautery,
• Probes 
• Horn
• Leeches,
• Gourd 
• Jambavaustha
• Swab gauge,
• Suture and ligature materials,
• (Medicinal) leaves,
• Honey,
• Ghrta,
• Lard,
• Milk,
• Oil 
• Nourishing liquids,
• Decoctions,
• Ointments, 
• Pastes,
• Fans
• Cold and hot water
• Bowls, etc. 
• Also arrange for the nursing and ancillary staff who should be affectionate, steady and strong.  

• A good auspicious day should be chosen to carry out the surgery.
• Rituals and prayers to "God and Agni" (Divine fire should be offered). 
• Patient should be given a very light diet.
• Position should be made to sit on a comfortable seat facing east.
• For the operations of abdomen, piles, kidney stone, fistula and procedures of oral cavity; patient should be kept NBM for 8-12 hrs. 

• Mal presentations, 
• Abdominal diseases,
• Piles,
• Urinary calculi, 
• Fistul-in-ano and 
• Oral disease. 

• Anaesthesia is included in Purvakarma i.e. in Pre-operative procedures. Before conducting surgery the patient should be given the food he likes.
• Person accustomed to alcoholic drinks may be given a drink of strong wine, which makes him withstand the pain.
• Due to alcohol with food, the patient does not understand the pain of instrumentation. 
• Patients suffering from obstructed delivery, renal calculus, diseases of the mouth and abdomen, should be given neither food nor wine before the operation.