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Benign Tumours
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Common on both exposed and unexposed part of body, they can also be
mistaken for melanomas or cutaneous neoplasms. These are seborrhoeic
warts and consist of a benign growth of the epithelium, with pigmented velvety or warty surface.
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Nevi
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This can be acquired by anyone, at any stage in his lifetime.
The nevus cell or nevi is always benign. Its initial
stage is during childhood and develops during old age. The junctional nevi consists of nevus cells on both sides of the
epidermal junction and has clear nevus cells along with some
melanin.
Surgery is the only treatment to get rid off
it. If the case shows rapid growth, darkening or bleeding, then
surgical consultation is a must. Compound nevi, blue nevi and
epithelial nevi are the other nevi that are prevalent.
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Pre-malignant Tumours
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They are common among fair skin people and appear on the
uncovered part of the body. These tumours are on borderline stage
and if controlled at this stage can be cured. The solar keratoses
are flesh coloured and coarse to touch, but if they degenerate they
become squamous cell carcinoma. The cells are typical and similar to
those of the squamous cell epitheliomas, but these changes are
well contained by an intact epidermal-dermal junction.
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Malignant Tumours |
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These occur on the uncovered surface of people who are more exposed
to sun and tan poorly. The squamous cell carcinoma arise out of
actinic or solar keratoses and develop upto a diameter of one
centimeter within a short span of two weeks.
Metastasis may occur early and the treatment
is X-ray radiations or surgery, in advanced stage. The lesions are small,
red, conical, hard nodules which may develop into
ulcer.
The basal cell carcinoma can be
treated as for squamous cell carcinoma. It also occurs in the
exposed parts, but the lesions grow very slowly upto a size of
1cm, that to, after about a year. If neglected they may develop into
an ulcer and can create great damage to vital organs. They are waxy
in appearance and metastasis never occurs.
Manifestation of apocrine sweat gland carcinoma, can result in
Paget's disease around the nipple and can also occur in the
genitalia. The malignant melanoma ranges from macule to nodule. It
also shows varied colours of skin, from flesh tints to pitch black
and also a mixture of white, blue, purple and red.
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