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Electrolyte |
Water is
the universal solvent and the largest single
component of body. Metabolically active
cells of the muscle and viscera have the
highest concentration of water. As a
percentage of body weight, water
varies among individuals depending upon
the proportion of muscle to adipose
tissue.
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| Water
is an essential component of all body
tissues |
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As a solvent, it makes many solutes
available for cell function.
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It acts as a medium for all reactions.
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It participates as a substrate in
metabolic reactions and as a structural component
providing form to cells.
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It is essential to the physiologic
processes of digestion, absorption and excretion.
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It acts as a transport medium for
nutrients and all body substances.
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Water maintains the physical and
chemical consistency of intracellular and extra cellular
fluids.
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It maintains body temperature.
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Balance Act
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The amount of water taken in daily is approximately
equivalent to the amount lost.
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Water intake (average intake in
ml) |
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Fluids |
1400 |
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Water in Food |
700 |
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Water
from oxidation in Food |
200 |
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Total
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2300 |
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Water output (average output in ml) |
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Normal
Temp.
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Hot
Weather
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Prolonged
Exercise
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| Urine |
1400
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1200
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500
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| Water in
Faeces |
100
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100
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100
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| Skin
(perspiration) |
100
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1400
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5000
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| Insensible
Loss |
- |
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| Skin |
350
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350
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350
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| Respiratory
Tract |
350
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250
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650
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| Total |
2300
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3300
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6600
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Requirement of water
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The body has no provision for water storage, therefore the
amount of water lost every 24 hrs must be replaced to
maintain health and body efficiency.
- In Adults- 35 ml/kg
- Children- 50-60 ml/kg
- Infants- 150 ml/kg
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Percentage of Water in some Common Foods
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Celery |
95 |
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Cucumber |
95 |
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Cabbage (raw) |
92 |
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Watermelon |
92 |
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Milk (nonfat) |
91 |
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Spinach Green |
91 |
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Beans (boiled) |
89 |
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Carrots (raw) |
88 |
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Oranges |
87 |
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Cereals (cooked) |
85 |
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Apples (raw, without skin) |
84 |
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Grapes |
81 |
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Potatoes (boiled) |
77 |
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Eggs |
75 |
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Bananas |
74 |
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Chicken (roasted with meat) |
70 |
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Corn (baked) |
65 |
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Cheese (Swiss) |
38 |
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Bread (white) |
37 |
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Cake |
34 |
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Butter |
16 |
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Almonds (blanched) |
5 |
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Sugar (white) |
1 |
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Oils |
0 |
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